Verbal | Re: Preposition + Verb Ing Modifier

I would say yes, though in this example, it's best to think about the 'by installing' modifier as describing the noun that comes after the comma, as this is an opening modifier. So who should install the pumps? The farmers themselves.

I can think of several Preposition ---ing modifiers for opening modifiers.

But it's hard for me to think of a preposition --ing modifier that comes after a comma.

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