Let's focus on the two candidates: Options A and C.
The text says that "only in situations of profound societal instability are great works of literature produced".
A) During the first century B.C., great works of literature were produced in Rome.
On the first century B.C., we know that there was societal instability. This is a necessary condition for the production of great works of literature, but it does not guarantee that great works of literature will be produced.
That condition,
...
The text says that "only in situations of profound societal instability are great works of literature produced".
A) During the first century B.C., great works of literature were produced in Rome.
On the first century B.C., we know that there was societal instability. This is a necessary condition for the production of great works of literature, but it does not guarantee that great works of literature will be produced.
That condition,
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