My explanation
The push by rich countries to cut emissions have raised fears that it is an attempt to secure new markets for environmental technologies.
have raised fears that it is an attempt -The push... 'have' raised fears - wrong. Push is singular so you need to use has (also singular)
have raised fears that they are trying -Same as A
has raised fears thatthey are trying -'They' is plural so it could refer to either rich countries or emissions, therefore the antecedent is unclear
has
...
The push by rich countries to cut emissions have raised fears that it is an attempt to secure new markets for environmental technologies.
have raised fears that it is an attempt -The push... 'have' raised fears - wrong. Push is singular so you need to use has (also singular)
have raised fears that they are trying -Same as A
has raised fears thatthey are trying -'They' is plural so it could refer to either rich countries or emissions, therefore the antecedent is unclear
has
...
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