Question 2 is a vocabulary based question. I doubt one would see this exact kinda question on GMAT. The question expects some one to know close-enough meaning of the word "Heathen".
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Vocab based questions are meant for words that are generally well known[this is relative and differs from person to person's vocabulary knowledge
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e deduced reading the context around the word. Here, the same is not apparent. One can use POE but that's a little far-fetched.
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