Not every verb + ing word is a gerund; there are three types of verb + ing words such as 1. A progressive tense word (when used with another helping verb, mostly a 'be' verb, or its derivative) example: is singing/ were singing etc 2. a present participle, mostly acting as part of an adverbial or adjectival modifier example -- singing a song, John walked along the river bank etc, with or without a comma before, and 3. as a gerund to denote an action noun, as in constructing a house is tedious
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